Nouns

(n)preventive, preventative, prophylacticremedy that prevents or slows the course of an illness or disease“the doctor recommended several preventatives”
(n)condom, rubber, safety, safe, prophylacticcontraceptive device consisting of a sheath of thin rubber or latex that is worn over the penis during intercourse

Adjectives

(s)contraceptive, prophylactic, antifertilitycapable of preventing conception or impregnation“contraceptive devices and medications”
(s)cautionary, prophylacticwarding off“the swastika … a very ancient prophylactic symbol occurring among all peoples” (Victor Schultze)
(s)preventive, preventative, prophylacticpreventing or contributing to the prevention of disease“preventive medicine”, “vaccines are prophylactic”, “a prophylactic drug”