Nouns

(n)gauge, gagea measuring instrument for measuring and indicating a quantity such as the thickness of wire or the amount of rain etc.
(n)gauge, standard of measurementaccepted or approved instance or example of a quantity or quality against which others are judged or measured or compared
(n)gaugethe distance between the rails of a railway or between the wheels of a train
(n)gaugethe thickness of wire
(n)bore, gauge, caliber, calibrediameter of a tube or gun barrel

Verbs

(v)estimate, gauge, approximate, guess, judgejudge tentatively or form an estimate of (quantities or time)“I estimate this chicken to weigh three pounds”
(v)gaugerub to a uniform size“gauge bricks”
(v)gaugedetermine the capacity, volume, or contents of by measurement and calculation“gauge the wine barrels”
(v)gaugemeasure precisely and against a standard“the wire is gauged”
(v)gaugeadapt to a specified measurement“gauge the instruments”
(v)gaugemix in specific proportions“gauge plaster”